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Certification is a voluntary process in which assessment is made of a forestry business by an independent organization, the certifier, who verifies compliance with environmental, economic and social issues which are part of FSC’s Principles and Criteria. The process can be summed up in macro stages:Initial contact – the forestry operation gets in contact with the certifier;Assessment – overall analysis of stewardship, documentation and evaluation in the field, for the purpose of preparing the operation to receive certification. At this stage, public consultations are held, in which interested parties can make themselves heard;Adjustment – after assessment, the forestry operation should make adjustments to its non-conformities (in the case there are any);Certification of the operation – the forestry operation is awarded certification. At this stage, the certifier draws up and presents a public resumé of the certified company;Annual monitoring – after certification, annual monitoring is conducted by the certifier.